Complete Georgian Alphabet Chart
Below are all 33 letters of the modern Georgian Mkhedruli alphabet in traditional order, with their Georgian names, romanized equivalents, and IPA pronunciation.
Ani
a /ɑ/
Bani
b /b/
Gani
g /ɡ/
Doni
d /d/
Eni
e /ɛ/
Vini
v /v/
Zeni
z /z/
Tani
t /tʰ/
aspiratedIni
i /i/
K'ani
k' /kʼ/
ejectiveLasi
l /l/
Mani
m /m/
Nari
n /n/
Oni
o /ɔ/
P'ari
p' /pʼ/
ejectiveZhani
zh /ʒ/
Rae
r /r/
Sani
s /s/
T'ari
t' /tʼ/
ejectiveUni
u /u/
Pari
p /pʰ/
aspiratedKani
k /kʰ/
aspiratedGhani
gh /ɣ/
Q'ari
q' /qʼ/
ejectiveShini
sh /ʃ/
Chini
ch /tʃʰ/
aspiratedTsani
ts /tsʰ/
aspiratedDzili
dz /dz/
Ts'ili
ts' /tsʼ/
ejectiveCh'ari
ch' /tʃʼ/
ejectiveKhani
kh /x/
Jani
j /dʒ/
Hae
h /h/
What Is the Mkhedruli Script?
Mkhedruli (მხედრული) is the modern Georgian script used in everyday writing throughout Georgia. In Georgian, the language is called kartuli ena (ქართული ენა). The name 'Mkhedruli' comes from the Georgian word for 'warrior' or 'cavalry,' reflecting its origins as a secular writing system. It replaced the older Nuskhuri and Asomtavruli scripts for everyday use while those scripts are still used in religious contexts.
Georgian is one of only 14 living scripts in the world that has its own unique alphabet — it is not derived from Latin, Cyrillic, Arabic, or any other writing system. UNESCO recognized the Georgian alphabet as part of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity in 2016.
Georgian Vowels
Georgian has 5 vowels. Unlike English, each vowel has exactly one pronunciation — there are no silent letters or variable sounds.
Georgian Alphabet Pronunciation Guide
Georgian consonants include two categories that don't exist in English: ejective and aspirated sounds. Understanding this distinction is key to correct pronunciation.
Ejective Consonants
Ejective sounds are produced with a sharp burst of air from the throat, creating a distinctive 'popping' quality. They are marked with an apostrophe (') in romanization.
Aspirated Consonants
Aspirated consonants are pronounced with a noticeable puff of air, similar to the 'p' in English 'pin' (vs. 'spin'). Georgian treats aspirated and non-aspirated sounds as separate letters.
How to Write Georgian Letters
Georgian letters are written with fluid, curved strokes — there are no sharp angles or straight lines. Unlike Latin or Cyrillic scripts, Mkhedruli has no distinction between uppercase and lowercase. Each letter has one form used everywhere: in sentences, titles, names, and signs.
Letters sit on a baseline but many extend above or below it, giving Georgian text a distinctive flowing appearance. Learning the correct stroke order helps develop muscle memory and produces cleaner handwriting.
Learning the Georgian Alphabet for Kids
Children learn the Georgian alphabet best through multisensory methods: hearing each letter's sound from a native speaker, seeing its unique shape, and tracing it with their finger. The Learn Georgian for Kids - Aso app teaches all 33 Mkhedruli letters using this Listen-See-Trace approach, with fun games that reinforce recognition and memory. It's designed for ages 3–8 and is used by Georgian diaspora families worldwide.
Learn These Letters Interactively
Download the only dedicated Georgian alphabet app for kids. Trace all 33 letters, hear native pronunciation, and play educational games — ad-free and offline.
